Blu Life One Xl Cant Read Sim Card

Integrated circuit bill of fare for a mobile device

A typical SIM card (mini-SIM with micro-SIM cutout)

A TracFone Wireless SIM menu has no distinctive carrier markings and is only marked as a "SIM bill of fare"

A SIM card, also known as subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module (SIM), is an integrated excursion intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to place and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers). It is too possible to store contact information on many SIM cards. SIM cards are always used on GSM phones; for CDMA phones, they are needed only for LTE-capable handsets. SIM cards tin can likewise be used in satellite phones, smart watches, computers, or cameras.^[1]

The SIM circuit is part of the role of a universal integrated circuit card (UICC) concrete smart carte, which is unremarkably made of PVC with embedded contacts and semiconductors. SIM cards are transferable between different mobile devices. The first UICC smart cards were the size of credit and banking concern cards; sizes were reduced several times over the years, usually keeping electric contacts the aforementioned, so that a larger carte du jour could be cut downwards to a smaller size.

A SIM bill of fare contains a unique serial number (ICCID), international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number, security authentication and ciphering data, temporary information related to the local network, a list of the services the user has access to, and two passwords: a personal identification number (Pin) for ordinary use, and a personal unblocking key (PUK) for Pivot unlocking. In Europe, the serial SIM number (SSN) is also sometimes accompanied by an international commodity number (IAN) or a European article number (EAN) required when registering online for the subscription of a prepaid card.

History and procurement [edit]

The SIM card is a blazon of smart bill of fare,^[1] the footing for which is the silicon integrated circuit (IC) chip.^[two] The idea of incorporating a silicon IC chip onto a plastic card originates from the late 1960s.^[2] Smart cards have since used MOS integrated circuit chips, along with MOS retentivity technologies such as flash memory and EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory).^[3]

The SIM was initially specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Plant in the specification with the number TS eleven.xi. This specification describes the physical and logical behaviour of the SIM. With the development of UMTS, the specification work was partially transferred to 3GPP. 3GPP is now responsible for the farther evolution of applications like SIM (TS 51.011^[iv]) and USIM (TS 31.102^[5]) and ETSI for the further development of the physical bill of fare UICC.

The offset SIM card was developed in 1991 by Munich smart-card maker Giesecke & Devrient, who sold the first 300 SIM cards to the Finnish wireless network operator Radiolinja.^{[6] [7]}

Today, SIM cards are ubiquitous, allowing over 7 billion devices to connect to cellular networks around the globe. According to the International Card Manufacturers Clan (ICMA), there were 5.iv billion SIM cards manufactured globally in 2016 creating over $six.v billion in revenue for traditional SIM card vendors.^[8] The ascension of cellular IoT and 5G networks is predicted to bulldoze the growth of the addressable market for SIM card manufacturers to over twenty billion cellular devices by 2020.^[ix] The introduction of embedded-SIM (eSIM) and remote SIM provisioning (RSP) from the GSMA^[x] may disrupt the traditional SIM card ecosystem with the entrance of new players specializing in "digital" SIM card provisioning and other value-added services for mobile network operators.^[3]

Pattern [edit]

SIM chip structure and packaging

In that location are 3 operating voltages for SIM cards: v 5, 3 V and 1.8 V (ISO/IEC 7816-3 classes A, B and C, respectively). The operating voltage of the majority of SIM cards launched before 1998 was v Five. SIM cards produced subsequently are compatible with 3 V and v 5. Modern cards back up 5 V, 3 Five and one.viii Five.^[iii]

iv by 4 millimetres (0.16 in × 0.16 in) silicon fleck in a SIM card which has been peeled open. Note the thin gold bonding wires, and the regular, rectangular digital retentivity areas.

Modern SIM cards let applications to load when the SIM is in use by the subscriber. These applications communicate with the handset or a server using SIM Application Toolkit, which was initially specified by 3GPP in TS 11.14. (At that place is an identical ETSI specification with dissimilar numbering.) ETSI and 3GPP maintain the SIM specifications. The main specifications are: ETSI TS 102 223 (the toolkit for smartcards), ETSI TS 102 241 (API), ETSI TS 102 588 (awarding invocation), and ETSI TS 131 111 (toolkit for more than SIM-likes). SIM toolkit applications were initially written in native code using proprietary APIs. To provide interoperability of the applications, ETSI chose Java Card.^[11] A multi-company collaboration chosen GlobalPlatform defines some extensions on the cards, with additional APIs and features like more cryptographic security and RFID contactless use added.^[12]

Data [edit]

SIM cards store network-specific information used to cosign and place subscribers on the network. The about important of these are the ICCID, IMSI, hallmark key (1000_i), local area identity (LAI) and operator-specific emergency number. The SIM also stores other carrier-specific data such as the SMSC (Short Message service center) number, service provider name (SPN), service dialling numbers (SDN), advice-of-charge parameters and value-added service (VAS) applications. (Refer to GSM 11.xi.^[13])

SIM cards can come in diverse information capacities, from 8 KB to at to the lowest degree 256 KB.^[7] All can store a maximum of 250 contacts on the SIM, but while the 32 KB has room for 33 mobile network codes (MNCs) or network identifiers, the 64 KB version has room for 80 MNCs.^[14] This is used by network operators to store data on preferred networks, mostly used when the SIM is not in its home network but is roaming. The network operator that issued the SIM card can use this to have a phone connect to a preferred network that is more economical for the provider instead of having to pay the network operator that the telephone discovered first. This does not hateful that a phone containing this SIM card can connect to a maximum of only 33 or fourscore networks, simply information technology means that the SIM menu issuer can specify only upward to that number of preferred networks. If a SIM is exterior these preferred networks it uses the first or best available network.^[9]

ICCID [edit]

Each SIM is internationally identified by its integrated circuit card identifier (ICCID). ICCID is the identifier of the actual SIM card itself – i.e. an identifier for the SIM chip. Nowadays ICCID numbers are also used to identify eSIM profiles, and non only physical SIM cards. ICCIDs are stored in the SIM cards and are also engraved or printed on the SIM card body during a process called personalisation. The ICCID is divers by the ITU-T recommendation E.118 as the primary account number.^[15] Its layout is based on ISO/IEC 7812. According to Eastward.118, the number can be up to xix digits long, including a unmarried check digit calculated using the Luhn algorithm. Still, the GSM Phase 1^[16] defined the ICCID length equally an opaque data field, 10 octets (20 digits) in length, whose construction is specific to a mobile network operator.

The number is composed of the following subparts:

Issuer identification number (IIN)

Maximum of seven digits:

• Major industry identifier (MII), two stock-still digits, 89 for telecommunication purposes.
• Country code, ii or 3 digits, as defined by ITU-T recommendation E.164.
  • NANP countries, apart from Canada, utilise 01, i.due east. prepending a zero to their common calling code +1
  • Canada uses 302
  • Russia uses 701, i.e. appending 01 to its calling code +seven
  • Kazakhstan uses 997, even though it shares the calling lawmaking +vii with Russia
• Issuer identifier, ane–4 digits.
  • Often identical to the mobile network lawmaking (MNC).^[17]

Individual account identification

• Individual account identification number. Its length is variable, but every number nether one IIN has the same length.
  • Often identical to the mobile subscription identification number (MSIN).^[2]

Cheque digit

• Single digit calculated from the other digits using the Luhn algorithm.

With the GSM Stage i specification using x octets into which ICCID is stored as packed BCD, the information field has room for twenty digits with hexadecimal digit "F" being used as filler when necessary.

In practise, this means that on GSM SIM cards there are twenty-digit (xix+1) and 19-digit (eighteen+1) ICCIDs in apply, depending upon the issuer. However, a single issuer e'er uses the same size for its ICCIDs.

To confuse matters more than, SIM factories seem to accept varying ways of delivering electronic copies of SIM personalization datasets. Some datasets are without the ICCID checksum digit, others are with the digit.

As required past Eastward.118, the ITU-T updates a list of all current internationally assigned IIN codes in its Operational Bulletins which are published twice a month (the last as of January 2019 was No. 1163 from 1 Jan 2019).^[18] ITU-T also publishes complete lists: as of January 2019, the list issued on ane December 2018 was current, having all issuer identifier numbers before 1 December 2018.^[19]

International mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) [edit]

SIM cards are identified on their individual operator networks past a unique international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI). Mobile network operators connect mobile phone calls and communicate with their market SIM cards using their IMSIs. The format is:

• The get-go 3 digits represent the mobile country code (MCC).
• The adjacent two or three digits represent the mobile network code (MNC). Three-digit MNC codes are immune by E.212 just are mainly used in the United States and Canada. Ane MCC can have both 2 digit and 3 digit MNCs, an example is 350 007.
• The next digits stand for the mobile subscriber identification number (MSIN). Usually in that location are 10 digits, simply can be fewer in the instance of a three-digit MNC or if national regulations indicate that the total length of the IMSI should be less than 15 digits.
• Digits are different from country to country.

Authentication key (Yard_i) [edit]

The K_i is a 128-chip value used in authenticating the SIMs on a GSM mobile network (for USIM network, y'all notwithstanding demand One thousand_i simply other parameters are also needed). Each SIM holds a unique G_i assigned to information technology past the operator during the personalization process. The K_i is also stored in a database (termed hallmark center or AuC) on the carrier's network.

The SIM card is designed to preclude someone from getting the 1000_i by using the smart-menu interface. Instead, the SIM bill of fare provides a function, Run GSM Algorithm, that the phone uses to laissez passer data to the SIM card to be signed with the Chiliad_i. This, by design, makes using the SIM card mandatory unless the G_i can be extracted from the SIM card, or the carrier is willing to reveal the Chiliad_i. In practice, the GSM cryptographic algorithm for computing a signed response (SRES_1/SRES_2: see steps 3 and 4, below) from the Yard_i has sure vulnerabilities^[14] that can allow the extraction of the K_i from a SIM carte and the making of a indistinguishable SIM menu.

Authentication process:

1. When the mobile equipment starts up, it obtains the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) from the SIM card, and passes this to the mobile operator, requesting access and authentication. The mobile equipment may accept to pass a PIN to the SIM card before the SIM card reveals this information.
2. The operator network searches its database for the incoming IMSI and its associated K_i.
3. The operator network and then generates a random number (RAND, which is a nonce) and signs information technology with the Yard_i associated with the IMSI (and stored on the SIM carte), calculating another number, that is carve up into the Signed Response i (SRES_1, 32 $.25) and the encryption primal Yard_c (64 $.25).
4. The operator network then sends the RAND to the mobile equipment, which passes it to the SIM card. The SIM card signs it with its K_i, producing Signed Response two (SRES_2) and Grand_c, which it gives to the mobile equipment. The mobile equipment passes SRES_2 on to the operator network.
5. The operator network then compares its computed SRES_1 with the computed SRES_2 that the mobile equipment returned. If the ii numbers match, the SIM is authenticated and the mobile equipment is granted access to the operator's network. K_c is used to encrypt all further communications between the mobile equipment and the operator.

Location area identity [edit]

The SIM stores network state information, which is received from the location area identity (LAI). Operator networks are divided into location areas, each having a unique LAI number. When the device changes locations, it stores the new LAI to the SIM and sends it dorsum to the operator network with its new location. If the device is power cycled, information technology takes information off the SIM, and searches for the prior LAI.

SMS letters and contacts [edit]

Well-nigh SIM cards store a number of SMS messages and phone book contacts. It stores the contacts in elementary "name and number" pairs. Entries that contain multiple phone numbers and additional phone numbers are usually not stored on the SIM card. When a user tries to copy such entries to a SIM, the handset's software breaks them into multiple entries, discarding information that is not a phone number. The number of contacts and messages stored depends on the SIM; early on models stored as few as five messages and 20 contacts, while modernistic SIM cards can usually store over 250 contacts.^[20]

Formats [edit]

SIM cards have been made smaller over the years; functionality is independent of format. Full-size SIM was followed past mini-SIM, micro-SIM, and nano-SIM. SIM cards are also made to embed in devices.

From left, full-size SIM (1FF), mini-SIM (2FF), micro-SIM (3FF), and nano-SIM (4FF)

All versions of the non-embedded SIM cards share the aforementioned ISO/IEC 7816 pin arrangement.

Full-size SIM [edit]

The full-size SIM (or 1FF, 1st class factor) was the first grade factor to appear. It was the size of a credit carte (85.lx mm × 53.98 mm × 0.76 mm). After smaller SIMs are often supplied embedded in a full-size menu from which they can be removed.

Mini-SIM [edit]

The retention chip from a micro-SIM carte without the plastic backing plate, next to a Us dime, which is approx. 18 mm in diameter

X-ray epitome of a mini-SIM, showing the bit and connections

The mini-SIM (or 2FF) card has the same contact arrangement as the full-size SIM carte du jour and is normally supplied inside a full-size carte du jour carrier, attached past a number of linking pieces. This arrangement (defined in ISO/IEC 7810 every bit ID-ane/000) lets such a card be used in a device that requires a full-size bill of fare – or in a device that requires a mini-SIM menu, after breaking the linking pieces. As the total-size SIM is no longer used, some suppliers refer to the mini-SIM as a "standard SIM" or "regular SIM".

Micro-SIM [edit]

The micro-SIM (or 3FF) menu has the same thickness and contact arrangements, simply reduced length and width as shown in the tabular array above.^[21]

The micro-SIM was introduced by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) forth with SCP, 3GPP (UTRAN/GERAN), 3GPP2 (CDMA2000), ARIB, GSM Association (GSMA SCaG and GSMNA), GlobalPlatform, Liberty Alliance, and the Open up Mobile Brotherhood (OMA) for the purpose of fitting into devices too pocket-size for a mini-SIM carte.^{[17] [22]}

The form gene was mentioned in the Dec 1998 3GPP SMG9 UMTS Working Party, which is the standards-setting body for GSM SIM cards,^[20] and the form factor was agreed upon in late 2003.^[23]

The micro-SIM was designed for backward compatibility. The major issue for backward compatibility was the contact expanse of the chip. Retaining the same contact area makes the micro-SIM uniform with the prior, larger SIM readers through the apply of plastic cutout surrounds. The SIM was also designed to run at the same speed (5 MHz) as the prior version. The aforementioned size and positions of pins resulted in numerous "How-to" tutorials and YouTube videos with detailed instructions how to cut a mini-SIM card to micro-SIM size.^[24]

The chairman of EP SCP, Dr Klaus Vedder, said^[23]

ETSI has responded to a market need from ETSI customers, but additionally in that location is a potent desire not to invalidate, overnight, the existing interface, nor reduce the performance of the cards.

Micro-SIM cards were introduced past various mobile service providers for the launch of the original iPad, and later for smartphones, from Apr 2010. The iPhone 4 was the first smartphone to utilise a micro-SIM card in June 2010, followed past many others.

Nano-SIM [edit]

The nano-SIM (or 4FF) carte du jour was introduced on 11 Oct 2012, when mobile service providers in diverse countries started to supply it for phones that supported the format. The nano-SIM measures 12.iii mm × 8.8 mm × 0.67 mm (0.484 in × 0.346 in × 0.026 in) and reduces the previous format to the contact area while maintaining the existing contact arrangements. A modest rim of isolating material is left around the contact area to avoid short circuits with the socket. The nano-SIM is 0.67 mm (0.026 in) thick, compared to the 0.76 mm (0.030 in) of its predecessors. 4FF can be put into adapters for utilise with devices designed for 2FF or 3FF SIMs, and is made thinner for that purpose,^[25] and telephone companies give due warning virtually this.^[26]

The iPhone 5, released in September 2012, was the start device to utilize a nano-SIM card, followed past other handsets.

Security [edit]

In July 2013, Karsten Nohl, a security researcher from SRLabs, described^{[27] [28]} vulnerabilities in some SIM cards that supported DES, which, despite its age, is still used past some operators.^[28] The set on could lead to the phone being remotely cloned or allow someone steal payment credentials from the SIM.^[28] Farther details of the research were provided at BlackHat on 31 July 2013.^{[28] [29]}

In response, the International Telecommunications Union said that the development was "hugely significant" and that it would be contacting its members.^[30]

In February 2015, it was reported by The Intercept that the NSA and GCHQ had stolen the encryption keys (Ki'due south) used by Gemalto (the manufacturer of ii billion SIM cards annually), enabling these intelligence agencies to monitor voice and data communications without the knowledge or approval of cellular network providers or judicial oversight.^[31] Having finished its investigation, Gemalto claimed that it has "reasonable grounds" to believe that the NSA and GCHQ carried out an operation to hack its network in 2010 and 2011, but says the number of peradventure stolen keys would not have been massive.^[32]

In September 2019, Cathal Mc Daid, a security researcher from AdaptiveMobile Security, described^{[33] [34]} how vulnerabilities in some SIM cards that contained the S@T Browser library were being actively exploited. This vulnerability was named Simjacker. Attackers were using the vulnerability to track the location of thousands of mobile phone users in several countries.^[35] Further details of the research were provided at VirusBulletin on 3 October 2019.^{[36] [37]}

Developments [edit]

When GSM was already in utilise, the specifications were further developed and enhanced with functionality such equally SMS and GPRS. These development steps are referred every bit releases by ETSI. Within these development cycles, the SIM specification was enhanced as well: new voltage classes, formats and files were introduced.

USIM [edit]

In GSM-only times, the SIM consisted of the hardware and the software. With the advent of UMTS, this naming was carve up: the SIM was now an application and hence simply software. The hardware part was called UICC. This split was necessary because UMTS introduced a new application, the universal subscriber identity module (USIM). The USIM brought, among other things, security improvements like common authentication and longer encryption keys and an improved accost book.

UICC [edit]

"SIM cards" in adult countries today are usually UICCs containing at least a SIM awarding and a USIM application. This configuration is necessary because older GSM only handsets are solely uniform with the SIM awarding and some UMTS security enhancements rely on the USIM application.

Other variants [edit]

On cdmaOne networks, the equivalent of the SIM card is the R-UIM and the equivalent of the SIM awarding is the CSIM.

A virtual SIM is a mobile phone number provided by a mobile network operator that does not require a SIM bill of fare to connect phone calls to a user'southward mobile phone.

Embedded-SIM (eSIM) [edit]

Master commodity: eSIM

Embedded SIM from M2M supplier Eseye with an adapter board for evaluation in a mini-SIM socket

An embedded SIM (eSIM) is a course of programmable SIM that is embedded directly into a device. The surface mount format provides the same electrical interface equally the full size, 2FF and 3FF SIM cards, just is soldered to a circuit board as office of the manufacturing procedure. In M2M applications where there is no requirement^[10] to modify the SIM card, this avoids the requirement for a connector, improving reliability and security. An eSIM tin be provisioned remotely; end-users tin can add or remove operators without the need to physically swap a SIM from the device.^[38]

Usage in mobile phone standards [edit]

SIM cards of various German mobile operators

The apply of SIM cards is mandatory in GSM devices.

The satellite phone networks Iridium, Thuraya and Inmarsat's BGAN also utilize SIM cards. Sometimes, these SIM cards work in regular GSM phones and also permit GSM customers to roam in satellite networks by using their own SIM cards in a satellite phone.

Japan's 2G PDC system (which was shut down in 2012; SoftBank Mobile has already close downwards PDC from 31 March 2010) also specifies a SIM, but this has never been implemented commercially. The specification of the interface between the Mobile Equipment and the SIM is given in the RCR STD-27 annexe 4. The Subscriber Identity Module Practiced Grouping was a commission of specialists assembled past the European Telecommunications Standards Plant (ETSI) to depict up the specifications (GSM 11.11) for interfacing between smart cards and mobile telephones. In 1994, the name SIMEG was changed to SMG9.

Nippon'southward current and next-generation cellular systems are based on W-CDMA (UMTS) and CDMA2000 and all use SIM cards. Notwithstanding, Japanese CDMA2000-based phones are locked to the R-UIM they are associated with and thus, the cards are not interchangeable with other Japanese CDMA2000 handsets (though they may be inserted into GSM/WCDMA handsets for roaming purposes outside Japan).

CDMA-based devices originally did non apply a removable card, and the service for these phones is bound to a unique identifier contained in the handset itself. This is most prevalent in operators in the Americas. The beginning publication of the TIA-820 standard (also known as 3GPP2 C.S0023) in 2000 divers the Removable User Identity Module (R-UIM). Bill of fare-based CDMA devices are most prevalent in Asia.

The equivalent of a SIM in UMTS is called the universal integrated excursion card (UICC), which runs a USIM application. The UICC is all the same colloquially chosen a SIM card.^[39]

• 

  SIM bill of fare for Thuraya satellite phone

• 

• 

• 

  SIM card with a mobile telephone

• 

  Three United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland SIM menu with packaging

• 

  A mini-SIM bill of fare side by side to its electrical contacts in a Nokia 6233

• 

  Nano-SIM carte du jour

SIM and carriers [edit]

The SIM card introduced a new and pregnant business concern opportunity for MVNOs – mobile virtual network operators – who lease chapters from one of the network operators rather than owning or operating a cellular telecoms network and but provide a SIM card to their customers. MVNOs first appeared in Kingdom of denmark, Hong Kong, Finland and the UK. Today they be in over 50 countries, including virtually of Europe, the The states, Canada, Mexico, Australia and parts of Asia, and account for approximately 10% of all mobile telephone subscribers effectually the world.^{[ citation needed ]}

On some networks, the mobile phone is locked to its carrier SIM card, pregnant that the phone only works with SIM cards from the specific carrier. This is more common in markets where mobile phones are heavily subsidised by the carriers, and the business model depends on the customer staying with the service provider for a minimum term (typically 12, 18 or 24 months). SIM cards that are issued by providers with an associated contract are called SIM-only deals. Mutual examples are the GSM networks in the U.s.a., Canada, Australia, the UK and Poland. Many businesses offer the power to remove the SIM lock from a phone, effectively making it possible to then use the phone on any network by inserting a unlike SIM card. Mostly, GSM and 3G mobile handsets can hands be unlocked and used on any suitable network with any SIM card.

In countries where the phones are not subsidised, e.g., Bharat, Israel and Belgium, all phones are unlocked. Where the telephone is not locked to its SIM card, the users tin can easily switch networks past simply replacing the SIM bill of fare of i network with that of another while using simply i phone. This is typical, for instance, amongst users who may want to optimise their carrier's traffic by different tariffs to different friends on different networks, or when travelling internationally.

In 2016, carriers started using the concept of automatic SIM reactivation^[40] whereby they allow users reuse expired SIM cards instead of purchasing new ones when they wish to re-subscribe to that operator. This is peculiarly useful in countries where prepaid calls dominate and where contest drives high churn rates, every bit users had to return to a carrier shop to purchase a new SIM each time they wanted to churn dorsum to an operator.

SIM-only [edit]

Commonly sold as a product by mobile telecommunication companies, "SIM-just" refers to a type of legally binding contract between a mobile network provider and a customer. The contract itself takes the course of a credit understanding and is subject field to a credit check.

Within a SIM-only contract, the mobile network provider supplies their customer with just i slice of hardware, a SIM carte du jour, which includes an agreed amount of network usage in commutation for a monthly payment. Network usage inside a SIM-simply contract can be measured in minutes, text, data or whatsoever combination of these. The duration of a SIM-but contract varies depending on the bargain selected by the client, but in the UK they are available over 1, 3, 6, and 12-calendar month periods.

SIM-but contracts differ from mobile phone contracts in that they do not include any hardware other than a SIM card. In terms of network usage, SIM-just is typically more price-constructive than other contracts because the provider does non charge more than to showtime the cost of a mobile device over the contract period. The curt contract length is ane of the primal features of SIM-only – made possible by the absence of a mobile device.

SIM-just is increasing in popularity very rapidly.^[41] In 2010 pay monthly based mobile telephone subscriptions grew from 41 per cent to 49 per cent of all United kingdom mobile phone subscriptions.^[42] According to German inquiry visitor GfK, 250,000 SIM-only mobile contracts were taken upward in the UK during July 2012 lonely, the highest figure since GfK began keeping records.

Increasing smartphone penetration combined with fiscal concerns is leading customers to save money by moving onto a SIM-only when their initial contract term is over.

Multiple-SIM devices [edit]

Dual SIM slots as shown on a Chinese phone

Dual SIM devices have two SIM card slots for the use of two SIM cards, from one or multiple carriers. Multiple SIM devices are commonplace in developing markets such as in Africa, Eastern asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia, where variable billing rates, network coverage and speed get in desirable for consumers to use multiple SIMs from competing networks. Dual-SIM phones are also useful to separate one'due south personal phone number from a business phone number, without having to carry multiple devices. Some popular devices, such as the BlackBerry KeyOne, have dual-SIM variants; notwithstanding, dual-SIM devices were not common in the US or Europe due to lack of need. This has inverse with mainline products from Apple and Google featuring either two SIM slots or a combination of a physical SIM slot and an eSIM.

Thin SIM [edit]

A thin SIM (or overlay SIM or SIM overlay) is a very sparse device shaped like a SIM carte, approximately 120 microns thick. Information technology has contacts on its front and back. It is used past sticking it on top of a regular SIM carte du jour. Information technology provides its own functionality while passing through the functionality of the SIM menu underneath. Information technology can exist used to bypass the mobile operating network and run custom applications, particularly on not-programmable prison cell phones.^[43]

Its top surface is a connector that connects to the telephone in place of the normal SIM. Its bottom surface is a connector that connects to the SIM in place of the phone. With electronics, it can modify signals in either direction, thus presenting a modified SIM to the phone, and/or presenting a modified telephone to the SIM. It is a like concept to the Game Genie, which connects between a game console and a game cartridge, creating a modified game. Similar devices take also been developed for iPhones to circumvent SIM carte restrictions on carrier-locked models.^[44]

In 2014, Equitel, an MVNO operated by Kenya's Equity Banking company, announced its intention to begin issuing sparse SIMs to customers, raising security concerns past contest, specially concerning the safety of mobile money accounts. Withal, afterward months of security testing and legal hearings before the land's Parliamentary Committee on Free energy, Information and Communications, the Communications Dominance of Kenya (CAK) gave the bank the light-green light to roll out its thin SIM cards.^[45]

See also [edit]

• Apple SIM
• GSM 03.48
• International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)
• IP Multimedia Services Identity Module (ISIM)
• Mobile broadband
• Mobile equipment identifier (MEID)
• Mobile signature
• Regional lockout
• SIM cloning
• SIM connector
• Single Wire Protocol (SWP)
• Tethering
• Transponder
• GSM USSD codes – Unstructured Supplementary Service Data: list of standard GSM codes for network and SIM related functions
• VMAC
• W-SIM (Willcom-SIM)

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External links [edit]

Wikimedia Eatables has media related to SIM cards.

• GSM 11.11 – Specification of the Subscriber Identity Module-Mobile Equipment (SIM-ME) interface.
• GSM 11.14 – Specification of the SIM Application Toolkit for the Subscriber Identity Module-Mobile Equipment (SIM-ME) interface
• GSM 03.48 – Specification of the security mechanisms for SIM application toolkit
• GSM 03.48 Java API – API and realization of GSM 03.48 in Java
• ITU-T E.118 – The International Telecommunication Charge Card 2006 ITU-T

millerseentrusels.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIM_card

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